15 Best Architectural Styles (2023)

The built environment is a rich and diverse architectural tapestry of intersecting styles and movements that have often traveled the world, adapting to different climates, landscapes and cultural needs. Here is an overview of 15 architectural styles that have been popular throughout history.

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  classic architecture

  

  An umbrella term for architectural styles originating in ancient Greece and Rome, classical architecture influenced design movements around the world centuries later, including neoclassical andGreek revival architecture. Some of the most famous buildings in the modern world are based on ancient Greek and Roman designs. Classical architecture focuses on symmetry and proportion; columns with Doric, Ionic or Corinthian details; the use of materials such as marble, brick and concrete; and classic design motifs such as interior paneling, sloping ceilings, eaves, decorative door moldings, and broken gables over the entryway.

  Although classical architecture was largely superseded by modernism and contemporary architecture in the 20th century, classical architecture continues to be built in the so-called "new classical" style.

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  neoclassical architecture

  

  Neoclassical architecture refers to a style of building constructed during the Renaissanceclassical Greek and Roman architecturewhich began around 1750 and flourished in the 18th and 19th centuries. While Greek Revival architecture uses classical elements such as columns withdoric, ionic or corinthianMore specifically, Neoclassicism is characterized by a large-scale revival of complete, and often large-scale, classical volumes.

  Some of the most famous and easily recognizable institutions and government buildings in Europe and the United States are designed in the neoclassical style, such as the White House and the United States Capitol.

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  Greek revival architecture

  

  Greek Revival architecture is inspired by the symmetry, proportion, simplicity and elegance of ancient Greek temples from the 5th century BC. In the United States, the Greek Revival peaked between 1825 and 1860, becoming the first dominant national architectural style in the United States as it spread from the East Coast across the country to the West Coast, leaving behind state capitals, banks, and New England churches, urban row houses, cabins and southern plantation houses in their wake.

  Americans drew inspiration from the cradle of democracy, borrowing classic elements to design buildings for a then-new democracy, such as B. pillars withdoric, ionic or corinthianDetails painted white to imitate the marble used in ancient Greece; gently sloping gabled roofs; and elaborate door outlines.inside rooms it featured simple and very open designs; graceful proportions; Windows and doors high from the living room floor; decorated stucco ceilings; smooth plaster walls; wide floorboards; and ornate ceiling cornices.

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  industrial architecture

  

  General term to describe buildings built for the needs of industry,industrial architecturecovers a variety of building types and styles that combine functionality and design and are found throughout the industrialized world, such as factories, warehouses, foundries, steel mills, water tanks, grain elevators, distilleries, breweries, refineries, power supply and other utility structures. The first industrial buildings were constructed in the 1700s during the first industrial revolution which took place mainly in Britain from the 1760s to the 1840s.

  However, when we refer to industrial architecture today, we are primarily referring to the buildings that emerged in response to the widespread use of new materials such as metal and concrete, as well as to the mass production methods introduced by the World War II Revolution of the 19th century. Late 19th century and early 20th century, and which formed the basis forModern architecture. Industrial architecture features can include large open floor plans; High ceilings; raw materials such as concrete, brick and metal; lack of decorations on the facade of the building; exposed masonry, ducts and pipes; and large metal lattice windows.

  What is industrial architecture?

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  bauhaus architecture

  

  Bauhaus architecture grew out of the influential German school founded byWalter Gropius(1883-1969) at the turn of the 20th century, who had the utopian goal of creating a radically new form of architecture and design to help rebuild society after the First World War. Through the synthesis of fine arts, crafts, design, architecture and technology, the Bauhaus promoted a rational, functional design that embraced form follows function, less is more ethos.

  Not all Bauhaus buildings are the same,but in general they avoid embellishments to focus on a simple, rational and functional design; Use simple geometric shapes like thattriangle, square and circle;Asymmetry; use of modern materials such as steel, glass, concrete; flat roofs; glass curtain walls; smooth facades. When Gropius and other prominent Bauhauslers emigrated to the United States in the 1930s, the Bauhaus became an international style and later influenced the development of modernism in the 1950s and 1960s.

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  victorian architecture

  

  The term Victorian architecture does not refer to a specific style, but to an era: the reign of Queen Victoria from 1837 to 1901. The style originated in England and still largely defines the architecture of its towns and cities, but several architectural styles of the Victorian era spread to places like North America, Australia and New Zealand. Victorian architecture is characterized by its uncompromising devotion to ornament and ornate interior design. Some resources to help youFind a VictorianOutside include: steep ceilings; smooth or colored brick; decorated gables; crown moldings; sash frames and windows; octagonal or round towers; and spacious wraparound balconies. Interiors often include grand staircases; intricate designs; High ceilings; intricately carved wood paneling; and decorative fireplaces.

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  Arts and Crafts Architecture

  

  The Arts and Crafts movement was a reaction to the ornate, mass-produced styles of Victorian architecture, which embraced handcrafted design and the use of natural materials such as stone, brick, wood, and accents of hammered bronze and metal. Originating in Britain in the mid-19th century, the Arts and Crafts movement emigrated to the United States in the early 20th century and encompassed architecture, interior design, textiles, fine arts and more. Many architectural styles emerged from the Arts and Crafts movement, including the popular Craftsman and Bungalow style homes, simple and thoughtfully designed buildings originally designed for working-class families.

  Arts and Crafts houses are symmetrical; close to the ground; designed for efficiency and minimal maintenance; they usually have large chimneys; low ceilings with wide overhangs; visible interior beams; built-in bookshelves, window sills and cabinets; and several windows with small crystals; prominent balconies; and open plants.

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  Cape Cod architecture

  

  Cape Cod architecture is named for the coastal region of Massachusetts where it is the distinctive style. Effortlessly cozy and attractive, Cape Cod homes have simple, timeless silhouettes with elements such as oak and pine posts and timber frames. Beams and wooden floor. ; brick fireplaces; and cedar clapboards or clapboard and side tiles.

  English settlers in the 17th century were the first to adapt English half-timbered halls and halls to the harsh New England climate, creating a more boxy, lower silhouette to withstand the elements. A second wave, known as the Cape Cod Revival in the 1920s through 1950s, helped popularize the style, which spread across the United States and became a cheap fix during the Depression and post-war years.Real estate boom of the 1940sand 1950. Even in the oversized 21st-century United States, Cape Cod-style homes retain a nostalgic folk appeal, with new builds of all sizes, from sprawling homes to tiny homes.

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  Tudor architecture

  

  Tudor architecture originated in England during the Tudor period from 1485 and evokes fairytale country houses and old world charm.Tudor housesThey were built by craftsmen who combined Renaissance and Gothic design elements to create a transitional style that spread throughout England until being supplanted by Elizabethan architecture in 1560. The Tudor style was reborn in the United States in the 1890s and remained popular well into the 1940s. Tudor homes feature unique half-timbering details, long decorative wooden beams arranged vertically creating a two-toned exterior. However, homes in the Tudor Revival often eschewed this original Tudor look, opting for red-tinted brick with ornate accents around windows, chimneys, and doors.

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  Art Deco architecture

  

  Art Deco architecture is part of the Art Deco movement, a period of inventive design in the US and Europe in the 1920s and 1930s, encompassing fashion, art, housewares and architectural styles in the 1920s and Britain. The earliest examples of Art Deco architecture are in Paris, France, before the style spread to the United States in the 1930s and the Manhattan skyline with now iconic skyscrapers such as the Empire State Building, Rockefeller Center and Chrysler for always influenced. Building.

  Art Deco buildings use materials such as stucco, terracotta, decorative glass, chrome, steel, and aluminum. They feature ornate geometric details such as chevrons, pyramids, stylized or floral sunbeams, zigzags, and other geometric shapes. Many Art Deco buildings feature bright, opulent colors accented by contrasts of black, white, gold, or silver. And they often have fragmented triangular shapes; decorative and geometric windows; parapets and towers.

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  Modern architecture

  

  Modern architecturerefers to the style of architecture that flourished in the early and mid-20th century. Modern architecture rejects the ornamental styles of the recent past, preferring clean lines; functional design; open floor plans; built-in memory; Concentrating on materials such as steel, concrete, iron, glass, wood, brick and stone; and a focus on integrating the architecture with the natural landscape, while bringing the outside in through the use of large windows to let in natural light and air.

  Modern architects such as Frank Lloyd Wright redefined a new world of architecture by following form to functional design, and a variety of mid-century designers transformed the built landscape and the world of interior design with mid-century modern furniture , which are still very popular today. .

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  brutalist architecture

  

  Brutalist architecture (1950s–1970s) is characterized by simple, block-like concrete structures (the term is an allusion to the French word for raw concrete,green cement). With its simple graphic lines, heavy look, monochromatic palette, and lack of embellishment, Brutalism is a bold, direct, and eternally polarizing style. An offshoot of Modernism, Brutalist architecture became a popular if controversial choice for institutional buildings around the world before disappearing in the 1980s, giving way to Postmodernism and today's contemporary styles. But the style's influence can be seen in contemporary products and interior design, furniture, objects and web design.

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  Contemporary architecture

  

  Contemporary architectureis a collective term that encompasses a variety of contemporary architectural styles, often radically different from each other and sometimes from anything that came before. Contemporary architecture followed modernism in the first half of the 20th century and postmodernism into the 1990s. Using innovative materials and construction methods such as computer-generated curves, laser cutting technology and 3D printing, contemporary architects tend to adopt rounded shapes, curved lines, unconventional volumes, asymmetry and open floor plans. Sustainability is an important feature of contemporary architecture.

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  Architecture fine arts

  

  Beaux-Arts architecture is an architectural style that emerged from the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris in the late 19th century and spread to the United States in the 19th century.Golden age. The Beaux-Arts buildings are grandiose, theatrical and ornate buildings inspired by Roman and Greek classicism and inspired by the French and Italian RenaissanceBaroqueBuilding styles like the Musée D'Orsay.

  Notable American architects such as Richard Morris, HH Richardson and Charles McKim were educated at the Beaux-Arts school in Paris, and the Beaux-Arts style was adopted for major building projects in the US, such as B. the Library of Congress in Washington DC and prominent buildings such as Grand Central Terminal and the main branch of the New York Public Library in New York. Beaux Arts architecture died out around 1930 with the onset of the Depression, making such exaggerated displays of opulence unattainable and obsolete.

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  italian architecture

  

  italian architecturerefers to a specific 19th-century architectural style that was combined with 16th-century Italian Renaissance architecturepicturesqueInfluences that incorporated architectural elements from a romantic past that broke some of the strict rules of formal design.classic architecture.

  The Italianate was born in 1802 when architect John Nash built the first Italianate villa in England, Cronkhill in Shropshire, and was encouraged by the work of Sir Charles Barry in the 1830s Civil War in both rural and urban settings across the United States.

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